Polish job market in 2008
by Szybkopraca.pl
For months now it has been assumed that the Polish job market has become the employee’s market rather than the employer’s. It is the employee that decides whether to accept the job offered or not. He picks the most profitable offer and, as research held by Szybkopraca.pl proves, he is quite fastidious in his choice.
Szybkopraca.pl experts have analyzed over 25 thousand job advertisements that employers posted on the portal from March to December 2008. They took into account the location of job positions, sectors in demand of employees, the most wanted professions, the level of the positions offered and the legal form of a job. Part of the research also regarded to the rate of users’ interest in particular advertisements and the level of their activity in the search of work.
They eagerly browse…
The advertisement view statistics and the response indices, that is the number of applications sent, are evidence of the mentioned fastidiousness of Polish applicants. The average of the view ratings amounted to 400 views per advertisement. The inhabitants of Lublin (692 views), Łódź (598) and Sudcarpathian (581) voivodeships were the most active users. Net surfers from Greater Poland (422), Lower Silesia (399) and Masovia (372) were on the bottom of the list.
Graph. 1: The average number of views per job advertisement in accordance with voivodeships
… they cautiously respond
High numbers of viewer does not mean an active response to advertisements. Although the most appealing advertisement, by a company from Dąbrowa Górnicza, received 350 applications, the average amounts were significantly lower. The inhabitants of Lublin voivodeship were not only the most engaged in browsing through offers but also in sending applications – approximately 9.5 per advertisement. The inhabitants of Kuyavian-Pomeranian, Łódź, Lubusz and Silesian voivodeships were slightly less active – around 8.5 CVs sent per offer.
Graph. 2: The average number of CVs sent per advertisement in accordance with voivodeships
The data above clearly indicates a certain regularity – the inhabitants of regions struggling with the highest rate of unemployment and having comparatively low number of job offers are on the top of both of the lists (Lublin, Lubusz, Kuyavian-Pomeranian). Regions where the rate of unemployment is low and the number of advertisements is high (Greater Poland, Masovian, Lower Silesian) are on the bottom of the lists.
Graph. 3: The number and the percentage of job advertisements in accordance with voivodeships
The regularity mentioned above has one weak point – Silesian voivodeship. The region takes pride in high view ratings of advertisements (547, significantly above the average), high index of sending CVs (8.2 application per offer) and simultaneously the voivodeship is on the second place in Poland in the respect of the number of the available job offers. Does that mean that the Silesians were especially determined to find/change a job? Have the offers by Silesian employers been particularly appealing? These theses can only be confirmed or discarded with further analysis.
The inhabitants of Masovia had the greatest number of offers to browse through. As more detailed scrutiny shows (see – Job market 2008 – Masovian voivodeship) Warsaw and its closest vicinity gathered 20% of the total of job advertisements posted on Szybkopraca.pl! Silesia, Greater Poland and Lesser Poland place themselves on subsequent positions. Unfortunately it is a successive report that confirms that the inhabitants of Podlaskie, Warmian-Masurian, Lubusz, Swiętokszyskie and Opole have the narrowest selection of offers.
Trade and finance hire the most…
Polish job market provides opportunities for career development in various sectors. There is no particular sector in Poland that would dominate the whole market. In some regions there are branches that distinguish themselves among others in the respect of the number of opened recruitments; however in the scope of the whole country none of these has its market share greater than 10%.
Graph. 4: The percentage of job advertisements in Poland in accordance with the most popular branches
Finance, banking and trade (understood as retail) are at the head of the list with 10% share in the job advertisement market. Third position is occupied by sales (understood as companies providing services for other business entities) – 9%. The lack of dominant sectors results in minor differences between particular positions on the list.
It is worth noticing that these are not all of the sectors that posted their offers on Szybkopraca.pl. In some voivodeships education, promotion and advertising, marketing and market research, hotel management, catering, telecommunications and FMCG were also significant branches, although in the scope of the whole country their share was lower.
…among specific occupations craft works and physical labour were dominant
The fact that finance, trade and sales sectors hire the most does not mean that the most desired occupations are those directly connected with these branches. The biggest companies employ people of various specializations.
Craftsmen and physical workers are on the top of the list of the most desired employees (31%). People specialising in marketing and sales are the runner-ups (18%). Science and Technology comes further (15%).
Graph. 5: The percentage of offers in accordance with the most desired occupations
It is noticeable that the indices for desired employees specialising in Finance and Banking (10%) are equal to the indices that Finance and Banking has in the ranking of the most popular sectors. It cannot be assumed though, that the data concerns the same offers, as there are many cross-sector advertisements.
The list closes with people connected with education - teachers, lecturers, trainers (working for training companies) and administration employees: secretaries, receptionists, administration managers etc.
Specialists wanted
The highest percentage of offers (47%) were directed to skilled workers – specialists with higher education, but also to specialists with lower education having unique skills that are necessary in modern economy. The second place was occupied by ordinary employees (39%).
Graph. 6: The percentage of job advertisements in accordance with position
The employers voiced considerably lower demand for managers. It cannot be a surprise, as there is usually less managing personnel than the managed. Managers of lower and middle level had a choice of 6% of the offers. Branch managers could choose from 1%. Other representatives of front-line management, managers responsible for coordination or a particular department (technical, financial, marketing, sales or IT) would be interested in one in 50 advertisements.
Graph. 7: The average number of CVs sent per offer in according with position
Managers, in opposition to specialists and ordinary workers, are much more convinced that the Polish job market is actually the employee’s market. A comparative analysis of the number of applications sent by these groups proves that theory. On average, ordinary workers send the greatest number of applications – 6.5 per job advertisement. On the other hand, managers of various levels send the lowest number of CVs – only 3.3.
Inflexible job market
A lot has been said and written about flexible forms of employment and their advantages for the economy and for single employee. However, taking into consideration the offers posted by Polish employers, permanent employment is valued and desired. Could this be the effect of a trauma after long and persistent period of high unemployment?
83% of job advertisements stated that the newly employed would work five days a week, eight hours a day, on a contract of employment. Only 3% of employers offered part-time jobs. Every ninth employee could expect a mandate contract and one in 50 – casual work. Only 1% of the offers related to student practice or probation.
Graph. 8: The percentage of job advertisements in accordance with the form of employment
The analysis made by Szybkopraca.pl has shown that rapidly developing job agencies have managed to dominate the job advertisement market. Employers more eagerly commission recruitment to agencies (55%) than initiate the process on their own (45%).
Graph. 9: The percentage of job advertisements in accordance with the object posting
Poland and foreign countries
86% of the offers posted on Szybkopraca.pl from March to December 2008 related to jobs in Poland. 14% - in foreign countries. Great Britain was a country where Poles could find a job easily – British offers constituted 36% of the whole of job offers abroad. Surprisingly Ireland was not subsequent. The Netherlands (19%) and Norway (11%) respectively occupied the second and third position on the list.
Graph. 10: The percentage of job advertisements abroad in accordance with countries
Fourth and fifth positions were taken by Germany (10%) and France (7%). Only one offer in thirty came from Ireland! Was that the sign of the emerging crisis on the island? In the end, the rumours about Poles massively coming back were present for quite some time now.
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